TheSecondExodus

Lesson 7 Outline – Zechariah 4 to 6 (Focus on Vision 5)

Lesson 7 – Jeremy Thomas

  1. God Uses Visions to Shape How We See Reality

    1. Zechariah’s reaction matches ours: “What is happening here?”
    2. God’s goal was not to give charts or tidy diagrams but to form spiritual imagination.
    3. Visions leave impressions and provoke questions, which is part of God’s intent.
    4. Of the eight visions, lesson 7 narrows in on vision 5.
  2. The Setting of Vision 5: Zechariah 4

    1. The angel returns and rouses Zechariah as one awakened from sleep.
    2. This awakening mirrors Zechariah 2:13 where God rouses Himself to act.
    3. God awakens His prophet so that he will see what God is doing among His people.
  3. What Zechariah Saw

    1. The golden lampstand/menorah with a bowl on top and seven lamps, each with seven spouts.
    2. Two olive trees, one on the right and one on the left of the lampstand.
    3. The angel presses Zechariah to admit his lack of understanding.

      1. Zechariah asks, “What are these, my lord?”
      2. The angel replies, “Do you not know what these are?” to make him feel his dependence on revelation.
      3. Zechariah humbly answers, “No, my lord.”
    4. Principle: Even God-given visions require God-given explanations.

      1. We cannot interpret reality rightly without God’s Word.
      2. Believers must practice “inquisitive humility.”
  4. The Meaning of the Lampstand

    1. The lampstand in Scripture represents God’s people as a light to the nations.
    2. The light signifies God’s presence and wisdom among His people.
    3. Contrast with the tabernacle lampstand.

      1. In Exodus the lamp had to be supplied by priests with pure oil daily.
      2. In Zechariah 4 the oil is supernaturally and continuously supplied.
      3. There are no human attendants in the vision because God Himself sustains the light.
    4. Big idea: God ensures His own ongoing presence and power among His people.

      1. He does not depend on human refill.
      2. He supplies through His Spirit.
  5. The Two Olive Trees

    1. Immediate identification.

      1. The two trees represent two anointed ones who stand by the Lord of all the earth (Zech. 4:14).
      2. In the historical setting these are Joshua the high priest and Zerubbabel the governor.
    2. Their line matters.

      1. Joshua stands in the priestly line of Aaron.
      2. Zerubbabel stands in the royal line of David.
      3. This shows that God’s covenant promises did not die in exile.
    3. Theological trajectory.

      1. Priest and king work side by side again, but not yet in their final form.
      2. This anticipates the coming of one Anointed One who unites both offices.
      3. Fulfillment is found ultimately in Jesus the priest king who pours out the Spirit.
  6. The Central Word to Zerubbabel

    1. The key sentence: “Not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit, says the Lord of hosts.”

      1. This was God’s word to a discouraged leader.
      2. The work of rebuilding the temple had stalled.
    2. The mountain imagery.

      1. The “great mountain” represents the obstacles before Zerubbabel.
      2. Before God that mountain will become a plain.
      3. God promises divine assistance, not an easy path.
    3. The outcome.

      1. Zerubbabel will bring out the topstone and finish the temple.
      2. The people will shout, “Grace, grace to it.” The glory goes to God.
    4. Application threaded through the teaching.

      1. We distort Scripture when we make the Christian life about our strength for God rather than His strength in us.
      2. God looks for those who rely on His Spirit.
      3. Our greatest problem is not the mountain before us but the failure to see the mountain moving God above us.
  7. Grace at the Finish

    1. God will complete His work through human hands empowered by His Spirit.
    2. No monument is built to Zerubbabel. The shout is to grace.
    3. New Testament echoes.

      1. Philippians 1:6 God finishes what He starts.
      2. Psalm 127:1 God must build or labor is vain.
      3. Philippians 2:12-13 We work out what God works in.
      4. Colossians 1:29 We toil with His energy.
      5. 1 Corinthians 15:10 We work hard, yet it is grace at work.
  8. The Glove Illustration

    1. The gloves were made to be filled.
    2. They can “play” only when animated by a living person.
    3. Spiritual point.

      1. Believers were made to be filled with the Spirit.
      2. When the Spirit fills us, God’s music can be heard in our lives.
      3. A watching world needs to see Christians living not by might or power but by God’s Spirit.
  9. Closing Prayer Emphasis

    1. Request for a Spirit filled, Spirit moved people.
    2. Confession that apart from Him we can do nothing (John 15:5).
    3. Recognition that the Spirit is the anointing oil pictured in Zechariah 4.

Lesson 6 Outline — Zechariah 1–3

Lesson 6 — Brett Cushing

  1. Introduction: God’s Guarantees Amid Guilt

    1. Contrast with human guarantees

      1. Worldly guarantees are conditional and contractual.
      2. God’s guarantees meet guilty people with mercy and help, not indifference or vengeance.
    2. Big idea of Zechariah 1–3

      1. In captivity and guilt, God guarantees His guy, His grit, His guard, His gift, and His grace.
      2. These guarantees move the story from despair to hope in God’s presence and plan.
  2. Setting and Messenger

    1. Historical context

      1. Judah in exile and return era; about 70 years of captivity fulfilled.
      2. People fear God has forgotten them, yet God speaks again.
    2. Zechariah’s identity and names

      1. Zechariah born in Babylon, functions as priest and prophet.
      2. Names preach hope:
        1. Zechariah means the Lord remembers.
        2. Berechiah means the Lord blesses.
        3. Iddo means at the appointed time.
      3. Message summary: the Lord remembers and blesses at His appointed time.
    3. Canonical significance

      1. Heavily quoted in the New Testament and rich in first and second coming prophecy.
      2. Zechariah’s martyrdom noted in Matthew 23:35.
  3. God’s Guy

    1. Immediate agent and ultimate fulfillment

      1. God raises Zechariah as His spokesman to a discouraged remnant.
      2. Zechariah foreshadows God’s ultimate Guy, Jesus the Messiah.
    2. Purpose of the messenger

      1. Announce that God has not forgotten His people.
      2. Call them to hear, hope, and return.
  4. God’s Grit

    1. Divine initiative in chapter 1

      1. God comes to Zechariah, calls His people, and commands the hosts of heaven.
      2. Hope rests in God’s action for the helpless.
    2. Invitation and enablement

      1. Call to return to Me and repent from evil ways.
      2. Lessons from the fathers whose disobedience brought covenant curses.
      3. God enables the return they cannot effect by themselves.
        1. Shepherd imagery illustrates God doing the restoring work.
        2. Parallel language in Jeremiah 50:19 and Lamentations 5:21.
  5. God’s Guard

    1. The heavenly army at work

      1. The Angel of the Lord appears as commander and Word of the Lord.
      2. Patrol report shows the earth at a coerced rest, not true shalom.
    2. Christ’s intercession and the Father’s response

      1. The Angel of the Lord pleads how long for mercy on Jerusalem.
      2. God’s jealous compassion is stirred and cruel nations are rebuked.
      3. God promises to return and for His house to be rebuilt.
  6. God’s Gift

    1. Plan, presence, and protection in chapter 2

      1. Measuring line signals ownership and intentional rebuilding.
      2. God Himself a wall of fire around and the glory within.
      3. Promise to come and live among His people.
    2. Joyful summons

      1. Shout and be glad, for I am coming.
      2. Presence is the gift God gives to the guilty who return.
  7. God’s Grace

    1. Courtroom scene in chapter 3

      1. Joshua the high priest stands in filthy garments representing the people’s guilt.
      2. Satan accuses; the Lord rebukes the accuser.
      3. God removes filth, clothes Joshua in clean garments, and restores his service.
    2. Promise of the Branch and the Stone

      1. My Servant, the Branch, foretells the Messiah.
      2. Stone with seven eyes and engraved inscription signifies God’s omniscience and the wounded cornerstone.
        1. God removes the land’s iniquity in a single day.
        2. Exchange motif points to Christ giving His righteousness for our guilt.
    3. Recommissioning

      1. Joshua charged to walk in God’s ways and keep His charge.
      2. Grace restores purpose after guilt is removed.
  8. Reflection and Response

    1. Worship and trust

      1. What keeps you from worshiping this God who guarantees mercy in guilt.
      2. Believe Christ intercedes, guards, and gifts His presence to you.
    2. Ministry overflow

      1. Freely give to the guilty what you have freely received in Christ.
      2. Rely on God’s grit, not your own, as you serve others.

Lesson 5 Outline – Ezra 5:1 and Haggai 1-2

Lesson 5 – Scott Neubauer

  1. Introduction and Context

    1. Overview of Lesson and Background

      1. Focus on Ezra 5:1 and the book of Haggai.
      2. Haggai is a short prophetic book but holds equal importance as all Scripture because it is the Word of God.
      3. Paul reminds believers that all Scripture is written for instruction, endurance, and encouragement (Romans 15:4).
    2. The Role and Character of Haggai

      1. Haggai appears suddenly with no recorded background.
      2. He is fully under God’s authority, serving as His messenger to the Jews in Jerusalem and Judah.
      3. He does not alter or reinterpret God’s message but delivers it faithfully.
    3. Connection to Previous Lesson

      1. Lesson 4 (Ezra 3–4) ended with construction halted for 16 years due to opposition.
      2. The people returned to normal life while God’s temple lay unfinished.
      3. Now, God raises up Haggai and Zechariah to reignite the work.
  2. Structure and Characteristics of Haggai

    1. Literary Observations

      1. The book contains 1,144 words (ESV), with over 70% directly from God’s mouth through Haggai.
      2. Minimal human dialogue; nearly the entire book is one-way communication from God.
      3. The people respond with obedience rather than debate or resistance.
    2. Purpose and Audience

      1. Messages are directed to leaders Zerubbabel, Joshua, and the remnant of the people.
      2. Four main messages can be seen in the book, all calling the people to spiritual renewal and faithful obedience.
  3. Think — The Call to Reflection (Haggai 1:1–11)

    1. God’s Confrontation

      1. The people claim it is not yet time to rebuild the temple.
      2. They prioritize their own homes while neglecting God’s house.
      3. Sixteen years of complacency lead to misplaced priorities and fading zeal.
    2. God’s Challenge

      1. “Consider your ways” — a call to self-examination and repentance.
      2. Every area of life (food, drink, clothing, income) shows frustration and lack of fulfillment.
      3. God causes their efforts to fail to expose their spiritual neglect.
    3. Personal Reflection

      1. God’s Word serves as a mirror revealing spiritual condition.
      2. Believers must confront selfish habits and misplaced affections.
  4. Power — The Call to Obedience (Haggai 1:12–15)

    1. The People’s Response

      1. The leaders and people obey the Lord and fear Him.
      2. God’s reassuring promise follows: “I am with you.”
    2. God’s Empowering Presence

      1. God stirs the spirit of Zerubbabel, Joshua, and the remnant to rebuild.
      2. This divine stirring marks a transformation from apathy to action.
      3. The transformation occurs within 24 days — evidence of true repentance and renewal.
    3. Principle of Obedience

      1. Obedience precedes blessing and revival.
      2. Human wisdom cannot produce change like God’s power can.
  5. Blessing — The Call to Hope (Haggai 2)

    1. Future Glory and Hope (2:3–9)

      1. The future temple’s glory will surpass the former.
      2. Strength comes from doing the Lord’s work with His presence.
      3. Peace arises from nearness to God despite uncertain times.
      4. Ultimate hope is in salvation and the coming kingdom.
    2. Purity and Restoration (2:10–19)

      1. Lessons of defilement highlight spiritual uncleanness.
      2. Despite impurity, God promises, “From this day on I will bless you.”
      3. Blessing follows obedience, even after failure.
    3. Messianic Blessing on Zerubbabel (2:20–23)

      1. Earthly kingdoms will fall, but God’s kingdom endures forever.
      2. Zerubbabel receives a personal promise — part of Christ’s lineage.
      3. Matthew 1 confirms Zerubbabel in Jesus’ genealogy, 12 generations before Christ.
  6. Application and Closing Exhortation

    1. Three Responses for Today

      1. Think: Reflect on personal priorities and spiritual condition.
      2. Power: Respond in obedience and allow God’s Spirit to work through you.
      3. Blessing: Recognize and rejoice in God’s blessings in all forms, not just material ones.
    2. Encouragement to Community

      1. Stay connected in small groups for encouragement and accountability.
      2. Pray for one another and build each other up through God’s Word.
    3. Closing Prayer

      1. Thanksgiving for God’s Word and the lessons from Haggai.
      2. Request for transformation and a closer walk with Him.

LESSON 4 OUTLINE – EZRA 3:1–4:24

Lesson 4 Outline — Ezra 3–4 – Mark Jensen

  1. Context and Key Passage

    1. Setting and scope

      1. Series focus: Second Exodus; this session covers Ezra 3–4.
      2. Key verse: Ezra 3:11. “For He is good; for His lovingkindness is upon Israel forever.”
      3. Theme: God restores His people and they respond with worship amid opposition.
    2. Historical markers

      1. Altar rebuilt in 537 BC on Solomon’s altar site.
      2. Temple reconstruction begins in 536 BC.
      3. Work faces opposition and pauses; completion comes after 21 years in 515 BC.
  2. Worship First, Work Second

    1. Principle established in Ezra 3

      1. The returned exiles build the altar before the temple to reestablish proper worship.
      2. They offer morning and evening burnt offerings and keep appointed feasts.
      3. They worship despite fear of surrounding peoples.
    2. Biblical precedents

      1. Abraham builds an altar upon entering the land (Genesis 12).
      2. Joshua builds an altar after the first exodus entry (Joshua 8).
    3. What worship is

      1. Spontaneous overflow of a grateful heart under divine favor.
        1. Illustrated by “my cup overflows” and a ready tongue to praise.
      2. Restful enjoyment of God’s acceptance.
        1. Picture of delight, shade, fruit, and banner of love.
      3. Distinct from prayer and praise.
        1. Not occupied with needs or gifts but with God Himself.
        2. David’s example in 2 Samuel 7:18–22 is adoration without requests.
      4. Spirit-enabled response.
        1. Only the regenerate can worship in spirit and truth.
    4. Result

      1. Foundation laid amid trumpets and cymbals, with the refrain of God’s covenant love (ḥesed).
      2. Mixed sounds of weeping and joy mark the moment.
  3. The Unity of God’s People

    1. Unity in Ezra 3

      1. The people gather “as one man” in Jerusalem to obey God and build.
      2. Levitical oversight is appointed; roles align with Davidic directions.
    2. New Testament grounding for unity

      1. Jesus prays that believers “may all be one” to witness to the world’s belief.
      2. Exhortations to preserve the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace.
      3. Unity is spiritual and theological, not merely organizational.
    3. Implications

      1. Shared worship fuels shared work.
      2. Community unity strengthens resilience under pressure.
  4. The Unity of God’s Enemies

    1. False partnership and faithful refusal

      1. Adversaries offer to help build while claiming to seek the same God.
      2. Leaders rightly refuse compromise and maintain covenant separation.
    2. Escalating opposition

      1. Discouragement and fear tactics.
      2. Frustration through hired counselors and political pressure.
      3. Letters to Persian kings that halt the work until Darius.
    3. Why the temple matters

      1. The temple is central to covenant life, feasts, and sacrificial worship.
      2. Completion enables the people to live in alignment with God’s law.
  5. Reflection and Group Discussion

    1. Personal worship audit

      1. Is worship your first response in success, silence, suffering, and blessing
      2. Where do your time and resources reveal your true object of worth
    2. Guarding unity

      1. How shared worship fosters congregational unity.
      2. How lack of worship can contribute to disunity.
    3. Questions for the week

      1. What keeps you from worshiping God more often and more freely
      2. Why is it important to keep the unity of the faith
      3. What unifies us at Grace Church as a local body of Christ

LESSON 3 OUTLINE – Ezra 1:1–2:70

Jeremy Thomas – Teacher

  1. Introduction: The Journey and the Big Picture
    1. Personal illustration of a journey (son’s travel to Romania)
    2. Parallel: Zooming out for perspective in Bible study
    3. Purpose of previous weeks: Seeing God’s faithfulness and covenant
  2. Transition: Zooming In—From Overview to Detail
    1. Moving from broad biblical themes to the specifics of Ezra
    2. Opening Ezra: God uses both kings and commoners
  3. Ezra 1: God Rules the Rulers
    1. Cyrus’ Proclamation and Divine Fulfillment
      1. Cyrus issues decree for Jews’ return (538 BC)
      2. God’s sovereignty: “The king’s heart is a stream of water in the hand of the Lord”
    2. Historical Background and Contrast
      1. Assyrian policy: cruelty and dispersion (722 BC)
      2. Babylonian policy: deportation and assimilation (605 BC)
      3. Persian approach: restoration under Cyrus as a liberator
    3. Motivations behind Cyrus’ Actions
      1. Political strategy and religious diplomacy
      2. Cyrus as “liberator” for imperial advantage
      3. Pagan king’s motives vs. God’s ultimate purpose
    4. Theological Reflection
      1. Human reasons and divine agency (God and Cyrus both at work)
      2. Example: Who brought Hebrews into/brought them back from exile? (Nebuchadnezzar/Cyrus vs. God)
      3. Divine sovereignty and human responsibility coexist
    5. Fulfillment of Prophecy
      1. Isaiah’s prophecy of Cyrus (150 years prior)
      2. Cyrus named as God’s “shepherd” and “anointed”
      3. God’s plan: restoring Jerusalem’s temple and city
  4. Ezra 2: God Knows the Unknown
    1. God Stirs Commoners and Leaders
      1. Not just kings: Judah, Benjamin, priests, Levites, and others are moved
      2. Obedience to God’s movement—practical implications
    2. Discerning God’s Will
      1. Trusting God’s ability to reveal His will over personal discernment skills
      2. Learning God’s will through Scripture and godly counsel
    3. The List of Returnees and Temple Artifacts
      1. Importance and meaning of the long list in Ezra 2
      2. Restoration of vessels: God’s attention to detail and restoration of worship
      3. Representative counts, not exhaustive lists—lesson in trusting God’s knowledge
  5. Personal Application and Closing Illustration
    1. Following God’s Stirring: A Personal Story
      1. Speaker’s journey to seminary in Minnesota
      2. Letting God move one’s heart toward worship and service
    2. Becoming “Temple Builders” Today
      1. Restoring the worship of God in personal life, marriage, family, and community
      2. Letting God zoom out and zoom in on our lives for perspective and direction
    3. Final Encouragement and Prayer
      1. Asking God to show where we truly are and where He wants to lead us
      2. Being faithful, willing, and moved to serve God’s purpose

Lesson 2 Overview

General Lesson Themes

  • Faithfulness versus unfaithfulness: The lesson traces the cycles of obedience and rebellion in Israel’s history, demonstrating the dangers of spiritual compromise and the seriousness of sin.
  • Leadership and the heart: The importance of internal character in leaders, rather than outward appearance or power, is a key focus.
  • God’s covenants and promises: Despite ongoing human failures, God remains faithful to His promises, especially as seen in the Davidic covenant and its ultimate fulfillment in Jesus.
  • Personal and generational responsibility: We are encouraged to examine both personal and generational patterns of sin and the need for genuine repentance.
  • Redemption and judgment: While sin carries consequences, God continually invites His people back through repentance and provides a way for restoration.

Lesson Summary

The material covers Israel’s path from the judges to the Babylonian exile, emphasizing the repeating cycle of disobedience and God’s call to repentance. It highlights stories of Saul, David, and Solomon, pointing out the destructive impact of pride and disobedience and the blessing that comes from a heart surrendered to God. Although Israel frequently fails to keep the covenant, God remains steadfast, establishing the Davidic covenant and ultimately fulfilling His redemptive plan through Christ. Persistent idolatry and refusal to repent lead to exile, but God’s mercy endures, and He keeps His promises.

Key Takeaways for Reflection

  • God is most concerned with one’s heart and inner character.
  • Sin, whether personal or communal, always carries real consequences and must be addressed honestly.
  • Idolatry can take many forms, both external and internal, and must be confronted decisively.
  • True repentance means owning one’s sin, surrendering to God, and committing to transformation.
  • God’s promises are unbreakable, and even in failure or exile, He offers restoration for those who repent and trust Him.

Lesson 2 Outline – Israel’s Covenant Failure

Brett Cushing – Teacher

Israel’s Covenant Failure – Outline

  1. Introduction and relevance
    1. Week two of “The Second Exodus” study
    2. Connection between ancient people and modern believers
      1. ancient people are “like our peeps” – our ancestors
      2. their situations mirror our own experiences
      3. times of crisis, confusion, and self-inflicted captivity
  2. Main thesis: God’s covenants comfort us in times of crisis
    1. Central theme: God’s covenants provide comfort during crisis
    2. Three key points covenants reveal
      1. God desires to dwell with us
      2. we desire not to dwell with God
      3. God still desires to give us grace
  3. Understanding covenants
    1. Definition: a binding promise between two people
    2. Historical context: often between king and subjects
    3. Two types of covenants
      1. conditional promises (require mutual agreement and fulfillment)
      2. unconditional promises (unilateral, God doing it for us)
    4. Purpose: disclose God’s overall salvation plan for the entire world
  4. Major biblical covenants demonstrating God’s desire to dwell with us
    1. Noahic covenant (Genesis 9:11)
      1. unconditional covenant
      2. God’s promise never to flood the world again
      3. comfort: God’s redemptive purpose for entire world
      4. shows God doesn’t desire to destroy but to dwell with us
    2. Abrahamic covenant (Genesis 12, ratified in Genesis 15)
      1. two promises to Abraham
        1. make him into a great nation
        2. all peoples blessed through his seed
      2. unique ratification ceremony
        1. Abraham cut animals in half
        2. only God walked through (Abraham was in deep sleep)
        3. God took penalty upon Himself for covenant failure
      3. modern relevance
        1. we are under same covenant (those with faith in Christ are Abraham’s children)
        2. foreshadows new covenant in Jesus Christ
    3. Mosaic covenant (Exodus 19-24)
      1. established 430 years after Abrahamic covenant
      2. God’s promises to Israel
        1. special nation with special role
        2. kingdom of priests (intercessors)
        3. God’s treasured possession if they obey
      3. people’s response: “We got this! We’re all in!”
      4. comfort for us: Jesus fulfilled the Mosaic law
        1. didn’t come to abolish but fulfill
        2. we get credit for everything Jesus did perfectly
        3. we become His righteousness
    4. Davidic covenant (2 Samuel 7:12-17)
      1. given after repeated disobedience by God’s people
      2. God’s promise of David’s descendant (Jesus Christ)
      3. God would build house for His name
      4. kingdom will endure forever
      5. fulfillment in Jesus
        1. angel’s announcement to Mary
        2. Jesus’ favorite teaching theme: kingdom of God
        3. gives us God’s presence, peace, and purpose
    5. New covenant (Jeremiah 31:31-34)
      1. prophesied during captivity and exile
      2. God’s promises
        1. put law within them, write on hearts
        2. “I will be their God, they shall be my people”
        3. all will know the Lord
        4. forgive iniquity, remember sins no more
      3. addresses essential problem: wrong desires
      4. fulfillment through Jesus and Holy Spirit
        1. Spirit guides, counsels, convicts
        2. sanctifies and makes us more like Jesus
        3. three aspects: justification (God’s present), sanctification (God’s process), glorification (God’s promise)
  5. We don’t desire to dwell with God
    1. Illustration: Indonesian airliner pilots
      1. pilots didn’t trust instrument panel
      2. desired to trust themselves only
      3. landed at wrong location (military base)
      4. parallel: God’s people in exile asking “How did we get here?”
    2. Root of the problem: wrong desires leading to disobedience
      1. disobedience lurks behind loud declarations
      2. problem began with Mosaic covenant
        1. initiated by God’s grace
        2. people declared “We will do everything!”
        3. immediate disobedience followed
    3. Pattern of wrong desires throughout Scripture
      1. Adam and Eve: tree of knowledge vs. tree of life
      2. Eve desired the apple (looked good and pleasing)
      3. Cain: God warned “sin’s desire is for you”
      4. David’s desire for Bathsheba
      5. Israel’s desire for control
    4. Jesus’ teaching on desire vs. behavior
      1. sermon on the mount
      2. murder begins with anger
      3. adultery begins with lust
      4. disobedience is fundamentally about desire
  6. Israel’s progressive rejection of God
    1. Initial enthusiasm but quick failure
      1. started strong in Exodus 19
      2. immediately made golden calf (God they could control)
    2. Downward spiral through Old Testament
      1. book of Joshua: started great, ended failing
      2. early Judges: God as less desirable option
      3. later Judges: God became obsolete
      4. end of Judges: God seen as enemy, everyone did what was right in own eyes
    3. Desire for worldly ways
      1. craved created things rather than creator
      2. rejected Samuel’s sons
      3. demanded a king like other nations
      4. replaced God with created things
      5. connection to Romans: worshiped created rather than creator
  7. Personal application: our similar struggles
    1. Our desires fuel our disobedience
    2. Rooted in wrongful dependence
      1. “I will determine what’s right and wrong for me”
      2. tendency to decide first, then ask God to bless it
    3. God sees wrongful dependence as obstinance
    4. Disobedience results in experiencing God’s absence
  8. God’s response: grace despite obstinance
    1. Isaiah 30 example
      1. context: Israel surrounded by enemies
      2. their desire: alliance with Egypt for strength and autonomy
      3. God’s invitation: salvation through quietness, waiting, repentance, rest
      4. opposite of “Nike slogan” – don’t just do something, wait on God
    2. God’s heart revealed
      1. God craves to give grace
      2. “I am waiting, I am yearning, I can’t wait to give you grace”
      3. God’s obstinate children don’t stop His grace
      4. God is not mad at us – He loves us through Jesus Christ
  9. Conclusion: God’s covenants provide comfort
    1. All covenants based on God’s grace
    2. God does all the work in all covenants
    3. Even Mosaic covenant included sacrifices (God knew they would fail)
    4. Our part: simply depend upon and trust in God
  10. Final application questions
    1. What keeps me from having comfort in crisis and confusion?
    2. What do I need to do?
    3. What will my life look like when I turn back to God?
    4. How can I embrace that His grace is available and He’s craving to give it?

Lesson 1 Outline – God’s Covenant Promise to Israel

Tom Ibach – Lesson Teacher

  1. Introduction to the Study
    1. Greetings and context for study year
    2. Study focus: The Second Exodus – Trusting a Faithful God
    3. Transition from New Testament study to Old Testament study
    4. Importance of the Old Testament for Christians
  2. The Importance and Composition of the Old Testament
    1. Old Testament as foundational to the New Testament
    2. Diverse authorship over about a thousand years
    3. Consistent message: God’s plan to redeem through the Messiah
    4. Challenge of knowing the Old Testament thoroughly
    5. Introduction to the Second Exodus within Old Testament narrative
  3. The First and Second Exodus Compared
    1. The Great Exodus from Egypt led by Moses
    2. The Second Exodus from Babylonian captivity
    3. Differences between the first and second Exodus
    4. God’s providence as a key theme in the Second Exodus
    5. Timeframe and scope of the Second Exodus
    6. Resource availability for study and timeline
  4. Books Covered in the Study
    1. Final three historical books: Ezra, Esther, Nehemiah
    2. Last three prophetic books: Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi
    3. Key events: rebuilding the temple, city, and national revival
    4. Inspirational characters and their qualities
  5. Relating to the People of the Second Exodus
    1. Spiritual ancestry and connection through Abraham
    2. Shared human experiences and struggles
    3. Learning lessons from their faith and challenges
    4. Encouragement for those facing hard things today
  6. Understanding Covenant in the Bible
    1. Definition and significance of covenant
    2. Two types: conditional and unconditional covenants
    3. God’s covenants with Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, and Jesus
    4. Focus on Abrahamic and Mosaic covenants in this lesson
  7. The Abrahamic Covenant
    1. Unconditional promises: land, descendants, blessing
    2. Significance of faith and righteousness (Genesis 15:6)
    3. Covenant-making ritual with blood sacrifice
    4. God’s oath symbolized by passing between animal pieces
    5. Covenant as a foundation of hope for Abraham’s descendants
  8. The Mosaic Covenant
    1. Conditional covenant based on God’s law given to Moses
    2. Purpose: address sin and establish holy living
    3. Role of the Ten Commandments and sacrificial system
    4. Israel’s initial acceptance and subsequent rebellion
    5. Consequences of disobedience: wandering and curse/blessing principle
    6. Reissuing of the law in Deuteronomy
  9. God’s Faithfulness and Covenant
    1. God always upholds his part of the covenant
    2. Israel’s failure contrasted with God’s unchanging faithfulness
    3. The fulfillment of the law and covenant in Jesus Christ
    4. New covenant through Christ’s life, death, and resurrection
    5. Reflection questions on personal trust in God’s faithfulness
  10. Closing and Prayer
    1. Thankfulness for God’s faithfulness
    2. Prayer for strengthened faith and confidence in God’s promises
    3. Encouragement for a faithful walk with God

The Second Exodus – Lesson 1

Title: Lesson 1

Summary:

God establishes unbreakable covenants that reveal His unwavering commitment to redeem and restore His people. Beginning with Abraham, God promises land, descendants, and blessing, reaffirming His oath through covenantal rituals. Moses foretells a future return to God’s commands and blessings of restoration. Through Jeremiah and Ezekiel, God unveils the New Covenant—a divine work where He writes His law on hearts, forgives sins, gives a new spirit, and renews His people for His glory. These passages trace God’s faithful promises culminating in ultimate spiritual renewal and eternal fellowship with Him.

Scripture References:

Genesis 12:1-4 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. Now the LORD said to Abram, “Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you.
  2. And I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing.
  3. I will bless those who bless you, and him who dishonors you I will curse, and in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.”
  4. So Abram went, as the LORD had told him, and Lot went with him. Abram was seventy-five years old when he departed from Haran.

Genesis 15:1-21 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. After these things the word of the LORD came to Abram in a vision: “Fear not, Abram, I am your shield; your reward shall be very great.”
  2. But Abram said, “O Lord GOD, what will you give me, for I continue childless, and the heir of my house is Eliezer of Damascus?”
  3. And Abram said, “Behold, you have given me no offspring, and a member of my household will be my heir.”
  4. And behold, the word of the LORD came to him: “This man shall not be your heir; your very own son shall be your heir.”
  5. And he brought him outside and said, “Look toward heaven, and number the stars, if you are able to number them.” Then he said to him, “So shall your offspring be.”
  6. And he believed the LORD, and he counted it to him as righteousness.
  7. And he said to him, “I am the LORD who brought you out from Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess.”
  8. But he said, “O Lord GOD, how am I to know that I shall possess it?”
  9. He said to him, “Bring me a heifer three years old, a female goat three years old, a ram three years old, a turtledove, and a young pigeon.”
  10. And he brought him all these, cut them in half, and laid each half over against the other. But he did not cut the birds in half.
  11. And when birds of prey came down on the carcasses, Abram drove them away.
  12. As the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell on Abram. And behold, dreadful and great darkness fell upon him.
  13. Then the LORD said to Abram, “Know for certain that your offspring will be sojourners in a land that is not theirs and will be servants there, and they will be afflicted for four hundred years.
  14. But I will bring judgment on the nation that they serve, and afterward they shall come out with great possessions.
  15. As for you, you shall go to your fathers in peace; you shall be buried in a good old age.
  16. And they shall come back here in the fourth generation, for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet complete.”
  17. When the sun had gone down and it was dark, behold, a smoking fire pot and a flaming torch passed between these pieces.
  18. On that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, “To your offspring I give this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the river Euphrates,
  19. the land of the Kenites, the Kenizzites, the Kadmonites,
  20. the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Rephaim,
  21. the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Girgashites and the Jebusites.”

Deuteronomy 30:1-10 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. “And when all these things come upon you, the blessing and the curse, which I have set before you, and you call them to mind among all the nations where the LORD your God has driven you,
  2. and return to the LORD your God, you and your children, and obey his voice in all that I command you today, with all your heart and with all your soul,
  3. then the LORD your God will restore your fortunes and have mercy on you, and he will gather you again from all the peoples where the LORD your God has scattered you.
  4. If your outcasts are in the uttermost parts of heaven, from there the LORD your God will gather you, and from there he will take you.
  5. And the LORD your God will bring you into the land that your fathers possessed, that you may possess it. And he will make you more prosperous and numerous than your fathers.
  6. And the LORD your God will circumcise your heart and the heart of your offspring, so that you will love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may live.
  7. And the LORD your God will put all these curses on your foes and enemies who persecuted you.
  8. And you shall again obey the voice of the LORD and keep all his commandments that I command you today.
  9. The LORD your God will make you abundantly prosperous in all the work of your hand, in the fruit of your womb and in the fruit of your cattle and in the fruit of your ground. For the LORD will again take delight in prospering you, as he took delight in your fathers,
  10. when you obey the voice of the LORD your God, to keep his commandments and his statutes that are written in this Book of the Law, when you turn to the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul.

Jeremiah 31:31-34 – ESV (audio 🔊)
31. “Behold, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah,
32. not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, my covenant that they broke, though I was their husband, declares the LORD.
33. For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the LORD: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people.
34. And no longer shall each one teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, ‘Know the LORD,’ for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the LORD. For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”

Ezekiel 36:22-32 – ESV (audio 🔊)
22. “Therefore say to the house of Israel, Thus says the Lord GOD: It is not for your sake, O house of Israel, that I am about to act, but for the sake of my holy name, which you have profaned among the nations to which you came.
23. And I will vindicate the holiness of my great name, which has been profaned among the nations, and which you have profaned among them. And the nations will know that I am the LORD, declares the Lord GOD, when through you I vindicate my holiness before their eyes.
24. I will take you from the nations and gather you from all the countries and bring you into your own land.
25. I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you shall be clean from all your uncleannesses, and from all your idols I will cleanse you.
26. And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you. And I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh.
27. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.
28. You shall dwell in the land that I gave to your fathers, and you shall be my people, and I will be your God.
29. And I will deliver you from all your uncleannesses. And I will summon the grain and make it abundant and lay no famine upon you.
30. I will make the fruit of the tree and the increase of the field abundant, that you may never again suffer the disgrace of famine among the nations.
31. Then you will remember your evil ways, and your deeds that were not good, and you will loathe yourselves for your iniquities and your abominations.
32. It is not for your sake that I will act, declares the Lord GOD; let that be known to you. Be ashamed and confounded for your ways, O house of Israel.

The Second Exodus – Lesson 26

Title: Lesson 26

Summary:

Jesus Christ, the promised light, fulfills the covenants and brings salvation by dwelling with His people. He is the ultimate covenant mediator who gives life, dispels darkness, and establishes God’s eternal kingdom through His sacrifice and victory.

Scripture References:

Genesis 3:15 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and her offspring; he shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel.

Galatians 3:16 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. Now the promises were made to Abraham and to his offspring. It does not say, “And to offsprings,” referring to many, but referring to one, “And to your offspring,” who is Christ.

John 1:1-14 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
  2. He was in the beginning with God.
  3. All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made.
  4. In him was life, and the life was the light of men.
  5. The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it.
  6. There was a man sent from God, whose name was John.
  7. He came as a witness, to bear witness about the light, that all might believe through him.
  8. He was not the light, but came to bear witness about the light.
  9. The true light, which gives light to everyone, was coming into the world.
  10. He was in the world, and the world was made through him, yet the world did not know him.
  11. He came to his own, and his own people did not receive him.
  12. But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,
  13. who were born, not of blood nor of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man, but of God.
  14. And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.

John 8:12 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. Again Jesus spoke to them, saying, “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life.”

1 John 1:5-7 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. This is the message we have heard from him and proclaim to you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.
  2. If we say we have fellowship with him while we walk in darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth.
  3. But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin.

Matthew 5:17 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. “Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.”

Luke 22:20 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, “This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.”

Hebrews 8:13 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. In speaking of a new covenant, he makes the first one obsolete. And what is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away.

John 3:18 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. Whoever believes in him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only Son of God.

John 3:36 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; whoever does not obey the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God remains on him.

John 5:24 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life. He does not come into judgment, but has passed from death to life.

Deuteronomy 6:4-9 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. “Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one.
  2. You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might.
  3. And these words that I command you today shall be on your heart.
  4. You shall teach them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise.
  5. You shall bind them as a sign on your hand, and they shall be as frontlets between your eyes.
  6. You shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.

Ephesians 1:1-14 – ESV (audio 🔊)

  1. Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, To the saints who are in Ephesus, and are faithful in Christ Jesus:
  2. Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
  3. Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in Christ with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places,
  4. even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love
  5. he predestined us for adoption to himself as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will,
  6. to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved.
  7. In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,
  8. which he lavished upon us, in all wisdom and insight
  9. making known to us the mystery of his will, according to his purpose, which he set forth in Christ
  10. as a plan for the fullness of time, to unite all things in him, things in heaven and things on earth.
  11. In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,
  12. so that we who were the first to hope in Christ might be to the praise of his glory.
  13. In him you also, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit,
  14. who is the guarantee of our inheritance until we acquire possession of it, to the praise of his glory.